Vane type hydraulic clutch



July 11, 1950 I T. KLAVON VANE TYPE HYDRAULIC CLUTCH I 4- Shets-Sheet 1 Filed Sept. 4, 1945 lNVENTOR T/reoaare Klara/7 Z BY ./1;:;Lzz {Ma/Y ATTORNEYS.

J 11, 1950 T. KLAVON 2,514,449

VANE TYPE I'IYDRAULIC! CLUTCH Filed Sept. 4, 1945 lNvENTok T/Ieooare l1 bra/7 k I Y ATTORNEYS.

' July 11, 1950 T. KLAVON 2,514,449

mm TYPE HYDRAULIC cLu rcH Filed Sept. 4, 1945 4 Sheets-Sheet s VENTO mead ff/m/ ATTORNEYS.

July 11, 1950 KLAvoN 2,514,449

VANE TYPE HYDRAULIC CLUTCH Filed Sept. 4, 1945 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 1 1:T.15. l |6 q INVENTOR fieadare /f/a van ATTORN EYQ.

Patented July 11, 1950 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE VANE TYPEHYDRA-ULIC CLUTCH Theodore Klavon, J aclrson', Mich. I

* Application September 4, 1945-, Serial No. 614 413 LClaim. (o1. 192 s1) I "I -his invention relates to a hydraulic mechanismwh-ich can be used asa variable speed torque trans-mission, as a hydraulic pump and also-as a hydraulic brake.

It is an object of this invention to produce a hydraulic mechanism of the above described type which is simple in structure and reliable and efiicient in operation.

Fig. 1 is an assembly view partly in section of my mechanism when used as a variable speed transmission.

Fig. 2 is a section along the line 2-2- of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a section along the line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

Figs. 4, 5, 6 and 7 are sections similar to Fig. 2 but showing the driving. and driven members of the transmission in diiferent operative positions.

Fig. 3 is a detail of the valve takenalong the line 88 of Fig. 7. I

Fig. 9 is a detail ofthe bypass valve regulatin mechanism.

Fig. 10 is a detail of the rotary vane.

Fig. 11 is a section of the vane takenalongthe line II-II of Fig. 10.

Fig. 12 is a detail. perspectiveof the drivenrotor.

Fig. 13 is a fragmentary detail of the-driven rotor and vane.

Fig. 14 is a, perspective of the bypass valve. Fig. 15 is an assembly view partly in-- section showing my hydraulic mechanism when used as follows: driven rotor I keyed onshaft 2, driving member 3 having acylindricalboreor cavity 4, bearings 5 which. support-driving member 3 for rotation upon shaft 2, vane 6 having a plurality of blades I, bypass valve 8 having a shaft 9.

. .2 22,-and pins 23 fixed on collar- I9. Screw 22- is turned bycrankhandlezd. Conical sleeve 20 en-. gage arm H asat 25 so that adjustment of sleeve 26 along shaft- 2 causes rack I6 to pivot about pivot I8 and thereby rotate gear I5 and adjust bypass valve-8-to increase or decrease to size of the bypass-orifice. Compression spring 26. ismounted between one end of rack I6 and anchor 21 on driVing memberB.

Driven member I is providedalong its periphery with asemi-cylindrical projection 28 having a-radius A whichisidentical with radius-A of semi-cylindrical cavities 29- in-vane 6. Rotor I is also provided with a groove 30: along} the lower edge of projection 28 for receiving the outer ends 3l of-blades I. Radius Bof vane E is greater than radiusA of projectionlZB so that groove 30 is essential-to accommodatethe outer ends .3I ofblades I. Thus, thebottom of groove 30.is positioned. from the center of vane 6 a distance equal to radius Bwhenever groove SIB-is in line with the axial centersof rotationof driven member I a'ndvane 6. This has the effect of permitting rotor I to rotate only in one direction relative to vane 5 asexplained below. Valve 8 provided with a cut-out orrelieved portion 32 whichservesas a bypass passageway from one side ofblades I to the other.

For purposes of description and not by way of limitation, my hydraulic mechanismis shownas a variable speed transmission for operationofa lathe. To this end shaft 2 is journalled as at 33 in. frame 34 and driving member 3- has fixed thereto a pulley 35Whi0h is driven by abelt .36 by anysuitable source of power, such as by an H electric motor. Since Iv have shown my deviceas,

Bypass valve 3 and shaft 9- are journalled in cylindrical openings Ill and I I in driving member 3 coaxial with opening I2 in driving member 3 in which vane 6 is rotatably supported. Vane 6 is provided with stub shaftsv I3- one of which is journalled in valve 8 and the other of whichis- I a variable speed transmission, the outer member 3, for purposes ofdescription, is the driving memberwhereas rotor-I is the driven member. The diameter of cylindrical cavity 4. is greater than the outside diameter of rotor I. The space 31 between rotor I and, driving member 3 and the space in cylindrical cavity I2 not displaced by" vane 6 is. filled with a: hydraulic liquid such as oil The-oil, is locked-in chamber 31 and cavity I2. Vane B is journalled in driving member 3 that. its axisof. rotation isspaced fromthe circumference of driven. member I a distance less thanradius B. Therefore, vane 6 is not free to rotate because the outer, edge 3| of blade 'I will contact and slide along the circumference of rotor I.- As shown in Fig. 2, valve 8 ha been adjusted sothat bypass passageway 32 is wide open, This permits driving member 3 to rotate freely aboutdriven member I. To effect a;driv ing'relationbetween memberssand I, valve Si moved from wide open toward closed position. As driving member 3 rotates in the direction of the arrow, Figs. 2 to 6, liquid is trapped in cavity 37 between blade I and projection 28 but is gradually bypassed through passageway 32 so that driving member 3 rotates faster than driven member I. The liquid trapped between projection 28 and blade 7 transmits the driving torque from member 3 to member I.

Since member 3 rotates relatively faster than member I, vane 6 eventually reaches projection 28 whereupon blade 7, which is sliding along the circumference of rotor I, moves into projection 30 and permits projection 28 to move to the other side of center of vane 6 thus rotating vane 6 onequarter turn. This is nicely illustrated'in Figs.

2 through 6 and also Fig. 13. Each time vaneli reaches projection 28 it is indexed or turned one quarter turn. Vane 6 cooperates with projection 28 to trap fluid in the chamber between these two elements and the rate at which the liquid is exhausted or bypassed from the space between blade I and projection 28 determines the driving ratio between driving member 3 and driven memher I. The adjusting of valve 8 so that either end 48 or 4| of bypass passageway 32 approaches or is moved closer to the circumference of driven member I increasingly restricts the bypass of fluid around vane 6 and increases the driving speed of member I with respect to driving member 3 so that eventually when bypass passageway 32 is closed entirely, Fig. 7, a one to one or direct driving ratio is effected between driving member 3 and driven member I.

' It is evident that the sliding of conical sleeve 20 along shaft 2 swings rack 16 which in turn causes gear and rotary'valve 8 to rotate to vary the adjustment of bypass passageway 32.

In Fig. 17 I have merely illustrated a modified form of pump inlet. In this case shaft 52, on which rotor l is keyed, is hollow to provide an intake passageway 53 which is connected with the source of fluid being pumped. Passageway 53 connects with chamber 54 through a series of inlet ports 56 passing through shaft 52 and the trailing or rear portion of projection .28. This modified form of pump operates the same as that shown in Figs. 15 and 16 except that the liquid is drawn through hollow shaft 52 and ports 55 into chamber 64 between blade I and projection 28.

Vane 6, for descriptive purposes, is shown with four blades I, but it is understood that the number of blades on vane 6 is optional and can be varied.

I claim:

A hydraulic mechanism comprising in combination a driving and a driven member, one of said members having a cylindrical chamber therein and the other of said members being positioned within said chamber for rotation relative to the other of said members, the inner member being cylindrical and having a radius less than the radius of said chamber to provide a space adapted to receive fluid between saidmembers, one of said members having a projection fixed thereto and adapted to have a sealing contact with the other of said members, the other of said members having a multi-bladed rotary vane journalled therein and positioned so that one of the blades of said vane slidably contacts the circumference of the other member, the axis of rotation of said vane When my device is used as a variable speed 1 as a brake, then the braking effect will increase as the bypass passageway is restricted and the bypass passageway 32 will be of such size that when valve 8 is wide open there will be no entrapment of liquid between projection 28 and vane 6 and thus no braking effect.

In Figs. 15 and 16 I have shown my device used as. a pump, When used as a pump my device has no need for valve 8 so this element is dispensed with. Instead of making the outside member 3 the driven member, I utilize the outside member (corresponding to member 3) as the stationary pump housing and member I now becomes the driven member. Rotor I is keyed upon shaft. driven by pulley 41 and. driving belt 48. Housing 45 is provided with an outlet port 49 and an intakeport 50 positioned on opposite sides of a line passing through the center of vane 6 and shaft 46. As rotor i rotates in the direction of the arrow, Fig. 16, the liquid between projection being positioned a distance from the circumference of the member against which the vane seals less than the radius of the blade whereby during the relative rotation of the driving and driven members fluid is trapped between the projection and the vane, a transverse recess in the circumference of the member carrying said projection adjacent the base of said projection, said recess having sumcient depth to accommodate the blades of said vane and thereby permit said projection 28 and blade I is exhausted out of port 49 and v liquid is drawn in through intake port 50. When projection 28 reaches blade I the outer end 3| moves into recess or groove 30 and vane G is indexed through a quarter revolution and the pump starts a new cycle. Here again vane 6 cannot rotate except when groove 30 reaches a position in line with the centers of rotation of vane B and shaft 46 and edge 31 of one of the blades 1 will ride along the outer circumference of rotor l Number andentrap fluid between projection 28 and blade to rotate by said vane on each revolution whereby the vane is indexed, and a bypass passageway about said vane permitting fluid to pass from one side of the blade of said vane which is in contact with the circumference of said other member to the other during the relative rotation of said driving and driven members, said bypass passageway communicating with an outlet and an inlet in said chamber positioned between said 3 vane and the circumference of said other member and arranged so that said inlet and outlet will always be adjacent to, and on opposite sides of, the vane blade which is in contact with the said circumference of the other member, and

means for varying the effective size of said bypass passageway to vary the driving ratio between said driving and driven members.

THEODORE KLAVON.

REFERENCES orrcn The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Name Date 59,792 Drawbaugh Nov. 20, 1866 578,938 Marburg, Jr Mar. 16, 1897, 1,155,314 I-Iungerford Sept. 28, 1915 1,174,853 Goldman et a1 Mar. 7, 1916 1,238,467 Wherry Aug. 28, 1917 2,292,987 Berry Aug. 11, 1942 

